Almond Wikipedia. The almond Prunus dulcis, syn. Prunus amygdalus is a species of tree native to the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent and North Africa. Almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree. Within the genus Prunus, it is classified with the peach in the subgenus Amygdalus, distinguished from the other subgenera by corrugations on the shell endocarp surrounding the seed. The fruit of the almond is a drupe, consisting of an outer hull and a hard shell with the seed, which is not a true nut, inside. Shelling almonds refers to removing the shell to reveal the seed. Almonds are sold shelled or unshelled. Blanched almonds are shelled almonds that have been treated with hot water to soften the seedcoat, which is then removed to reveal the white embryo. DescriptioneditThe almond is a deciduous tree, growing 41. The young twigs are green at first, becoming purplish where exposed to sunlight, then grey in their second year. The leaves are 35 inches long,3 with a serrated margin and a 2. The flowers are white to pale pink, 35 cm 12 in diameter with five petals, produced singly or in pairs and appearing before the leaves in early spring. Almond grows best in Mediterranean climates with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. You have not yet voted on this site If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site. Forex Margin Call Explained babypips. Learn what a margin call is in forex trading and watch how quickly you. Field Time Range How To Preserve Meat As A Survival Food FIELD TIME RANGE DIY Guide Click Here to Watch Video Latest Emp Threat. The optimal temperature for their growth is between 1. C 5. 9 and 8. 6 F and the tree buds have a chilling requirement of 3. C 4. 5. 0 F to break dormancy. Almonds begin bearing an economic crop in the third year after planting. Trees reach full bearing five to six years after planting. The fruit matures in the autumn, 78 months after flowering. The almond fruit measures 3. In botanical terms, it is not a nut but a drupe. The outer covering or exocarp, fleshy in other members of Prunus such as the plum and cherry, is instead a thick, leathery, grey green coat with a downy exterior, called the hull. Inside the hull is a reticulated, hard, woody shell like the outside of a peach pit called the endocarp. Inside the shell is the edible seed, commonly called a nut. G/01/img15/dvd/flyout/dvd_retro-deals_flyout._CB305878470_.png' alt='Margin Of Safety Torrent Pdf Books' title='Margin Of Safety Torrent Pdf Books' />Generally, one seed is present, but occasionally two occur. Green almonds. Almond in shell and shelled. Shelled Almond. Almond confections. Origin and historyeditThe almond is native to the Mediterranean climate region of the Middle East, eastward as far as the Yamuna River in India. It was spread by humans in ancient times along the shores of the Mediterranean into northern Africa and southern Europe, and more recently transported to other parts of the world, notably California, United States. The wild form of domesticated almond grows in parts of the Levant. Winzip Mac 1 5 Keygen S. The fruit of the wild forms contains the glycosideamygdalin, which becomes transformed into deadly prussic acid hydrogen cyanide after crushing, chewing, or any other injury to the seed. Selection of the sweet type from the many bitter types in the wild marked the beginning of almond domestication. It is unclear as to which wild ancestor of the almond created the domesticated species. Ladizinsky suggests the taxon Amygdalus fenzliana Fritsch Lipsky is the most likely wild ancestor of the almond in part because it is native of Armenia and western Azerbaijan where it was apparently domesticated. While wild almond species are toxic, domesticated almonds are not Jared Diamond argues that a common genetic mutation causes an absence of amygdalin, and this mutant was grown by early farmers, at first unintentionally in the garbage heaps, and later intentionally in their orchards. Fifa 2017 Installer. Zohary and Hopf believe that almonds were one of the earliest domesticated fruit trees due to the ability of the grower to raise attractive almonds from seed. Thus, in spite of the fact that this plant does not lend itself to propagation from suckers or from cuttings, it could have been domesticated even before the introduction of grafting. Domesticated almonds appear in the Early Bronze Age 3. Margin Of Safety Torrent Pdf Books' title='Margin Of Safety Torrent Pdf Books' />BC such as the archaeological sites of Numeria Jordan,1. Another well known archaeological example of the almond is the fruit found in Tutankhamuns tomb in Egypt c. BC, probably imported from the Levant. Of the European countries that the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh reported as cultivating almonds, Germany1. Iceland. 1. 4Etymology and nameseditThe word almond comes from Old French almande or alemande, Late Latin amandula, derived through a form amygdala from the Greek amygdal cf. I/31K7UUmrOSL.jpg' alt='Margin Of Safety Torrent Pdf Books' title='Margin Of Safety Torrent Pdf Books' />
The al in English, for the a used in other languages may be due a confusion with the Arabic article al, the word having first dropped the a as in the Italian form mandorla the British pronunciation ah mond and the modern Catalanametlla and modern French amande show a form of the word closer to the original. Other related names of almond include mandel or knackmandel German, mandorlo Italian for the tree, mandorla Italian for the fruit, amndoa Portuguese, and almendra Spanish. The adjective amygdaloid literally like an almond is used to describe objects which are roughly almond shaped, particularly a shape which is part way between a triangle and an ellipse. See, for example, the brain structureamygdala, which uses a direct borrowing of the Greek term amygdal. CultivationeditPollinationeditYoung almond fruit. Mature almond fruit. The pollination of Californias almonds is the largest annual managed pollination event in the world, with close to one million hives nearly half of all beehives in the US being trucked in February to the almond groves. Much of the pollination is managed by pollination brokers, who contract with migratory beekeepers from at least 4. This business has been heavily affected by colony collapse disorder, causing nationwide shortages of honey bees and increasing the price of insect pollination. To partially protect almond growers from the rising cost of insect pollination, researchers at the Agricultural Research Service ARS have developed a new line of self pollinating almond trees. Self pollinating almond trees, such as the Tuono, have been around for a while, but their harvest is not as desirable as the insect pollinated California Nonpareil almond tree. The Nonpareil tree produces large, smooth almonds and offers 6. The Tuono has thicker, hairier shells and offers only 3. Paws Party Typing Game. The Tuonos shell protects the nut from threatening pests such as the navel orangeworm. ARS researchers have managed to crossbreed the pest resistant Tuono tree with the Nonpareil, resulting in hybridized cultivars of almond trees that are self pollinated and maintain a high nut quality. The new, self pollinating hybrids possess quality skin color, flavor, and oil content, and reduce almond growers dependency on insect pollination. A grove of almond trees in central California. Almond blossoms in Iran. An almond shaker before and during a harvest of a tree. DiseaseseditAlmond trees can be attacked by an array of damaging organisms, including insects, fungal pathogens, plant viruses, and bacteria. ProductioneditAlmonds with shell production, 2. Countrytonnes United States. Spain. 19. 5,5. 04 Australia. Iran. 11. 1,9. 36 Morocco. World. 2,6. 97,2. Source FAOSTAT of the United Nations2. In 2. 01. 4, world production of almonds was 2. United States providing 5. As the second and third leading producers, Spain and Australia combined contributed 1. United StateseditIn the United States, production is concentrated in California where 1,0.